use Vtc.Ecto.Postgres.Utils
defpgmodule Vtc.Ecto.Postgres.PgRational.Migrations do
@moduledoc """
Migrations for adding rational types, casts, functions and constraints to a
Postgres database.
"""
alias Ecto.Migration
alias Ecto.Migration.Constraint
alias Vtc.Ecto.Postgres
require Ecto.Migration
@doc section: :migrations_full
@doc """
Adds raw SQL queries to a migration for creating the database types, associated
functions, casts, operators, and operator families.
This migration included all migraitons under the
[Pg Types](Vtc.Ecto.Postgres.PgRational.Migrations.html#pg-types),
[Pg Operators](Vtc.Ecto.Postgres.PgRational.Migrations.html#pg-operators),
[Pg Operator Classes](Vtc.Ecto.Postgres.PgRational.Migrations.html#pg-operator-classes),
[Pg Functions](Vtc.Ecto.Postgres.PgRational.Migrations.html#pg-functions), and
[Pg Private Functions](Vtc.Ecto.Postgres.PgRational.Migrations.html#pg-private-functions),
headings.
Safe to run multiple times when new functionality is added in updates to this library.
Existing values will be skipped.
## Types Created
Calling this macro creates the following type definitions:
```sql
CREATE TYPE public.rational AS (
numerator bigint,
denominator bigint
);
```
## Schemas Created
Up to two schemas are created as detailed by the
[Configuring Database Objects](Vtc.Ecto.Postgres.PgRational.Migrations.html#create_all/0-configuring-database-objects)
section below.
## Configuring Database Objects
To change where supporting functions are created, add the following to your
Repo confiugration:
```elixir
config :vtc, Vtc.Test.Support.Repo,
adapter: Ecto.Adapters.Postgres,
...
vtc: [
pg_rational: [
functions_schema: :rational,
functions_private_schema: :rational_private,
functions_prefix: "rational"
]
]
```
Option definitions are as follows:
- `functions_schema`: The schema for "public" functions that will have backwards
compatibility guarantees and application code support. Default: `:public`.
- `functions_private_schema:` The schema for for developer-only "private" functions
that support the functions in the "rational" schema. Will NOT havr backwards
compatibility guarantees NOR application code support. Default: `:public`.
- `functions_prefix`: A prefix to add before all functions. Defaults to "rational" for
any function created in the "public" schema, and "" otherwise.
## Functions Created
See [PgFunctions](Vtc.Ecto.Postgres.PgRational.Migrations.html#pgfunctions)
section of these docs for details on native database functions
created.
## Operators Created
See [PgOperators](Vtc.Ecto.Postgres.PgRational.Migrations.html#pgoperators)
section of these docs for details on native database operators
created.
## Casts Created
See [PgCasts](Vtc.Ecto.Postgres.PgRational.Migrations.html#pgcasts)
section of these docs for details on native database operators
created.
## Examples
```elixir
defmodule MyMigration do
use Ecto.Migration
alias Vtc.Ecto.Postgres.PgRational
require PgRational.Migrations
def change do
PgRational.Migrations.create_all()
end
end
```
"""
@spec create_all() :: :ok
def create_all do
create_type()
create_function_schemas()
create_func_greatest_common_denominator()
create_func_simplify()
create_func_minus()
create_func_abs()
create_func_round()
create_func_add()
create_func_sub()
create_func_mult()
create_func_div()
create_func_modulo()
create_op_add()
create_op_sub()
create_op_mult()
create_op_div()
create_op_modulo()
create_func_cmp()
create_func_eq()
create_func_neq()
create_func_lt()
create_func_lte()
create_func_gt()
create_func_gte()
create_op_eq()
create_op_neq()
create_op_neq2()
create_op_lt()
create_op_lte()
create_op_gt()
create_op_gte()
create_op_class_btree()
create_func_cast_to_double_precison()
create_cast_double_precision()
end
@doc section: :migrations_types
@doc """
Adds:
- `rational` composite type
- `rationals` schema
- `rationals_helpers` schema
"""
@spec create_type() :: :ok
def create_type do
Migration.execute("""
DO $$ BEGIN
CREATE TYPE rational AS (
numerator bigint,
denominator bigint
);
EXCEPTION WHEN duplicate_object
THEN null;
END $$;
""")
end
@doc section: :migrations_types
@doc """
Up to two schemas are created as detailed by the
[Configuring Database Objects](Vtc.Ecto.Postgres.PgRational.Migrations.html#create_all/0-configuring-database-objects)
section above.
"""
@spec create_function_schemas() :: :ok
def create_function_schemas do
functions_schema = Postgres.Utils.get_type_config(Migration.repo(), :pg_rational, :functions_schema, :public)
if functions_schema != :public do
Migration.execute("""
DO $$ BEGIN
CREATE SCHEMA #{functions_schema};
EXCEPTION WHEN duplicate_schema
THEN null;
END $$;
""")
end
functions_private_schema =
Postgres.Utils.get_type_config(Migration.repo(), :pg_rational, :functions_private_schema, :public)
if functions_private_schema != :public do
Migration.execute("""
DO $$ BEGIN
CREATE SCHEMA #{functions_private_schema};
EXCEPTION WHEN duplicate_schema
THEN null;
END $$;
""")
end
:ok
end
@doc section: :migrations_private_functions
@doc """
Creates `rational_private.greatest_common_denominator(a, b)` function that finds the
greatest common denominator between two bigint values.
"""
@spec create_func_greatest_common_denominator() :: :ok
def create_func_greatest_common_denominator do
create_func =
Postgres.Utils.create_plpgsql_function(
private_function(:greatest_common_denominator, Migration.repo()),
args: [a: :bigint, b: :bigint],
returns: :bigint,
declares: [result: :bigint],
body: """
SELECT (
CASE
WHEN b = 0 THEN ABS(a)
WHEN a = 0 THEN ABS(b)
ELSE #{private_function(:greatest_common_denominator, Migration.repo())}(b, a % b)
END
) INTO result;
RETURN result;
"""
)
Migration.execute(create_func)
end
@doc section: :migrations_private_functions
@doc """
Creates `rational_private.simplify(rat)` function that simplifies a rational. Used at
the end of every rational operation to avoid overflows.
"""
@spec create_func_simplify() :: :ok
def create_func_simplify do
create_func =
Postgres.Utils.create_plpgsql_function(
private_function(:simplify, Migration.repo()),
args: [input: :rational],
returns: :rational,
declares: [
gcd:
{:bigint,
"#{private_function(:greatest_common_denominator, Migration.repo())}(input.numerator, input.denominator)"},
denominator: {:bigint, "ABS(input.denominator / gcd)"},
numerator: {:bigint, "input.numerator / gcd"}
],
body: """
IF (input).denominator < 0 THEN
RETURN (numerator * -1, denominator);
ELSE
RETURN (numerator, denominator);
END IF;
"""
)
Migration.execute(create_func)
end
@doc section: :migrations_functions
@doc """
Creates `rational.minus(rat)` function that flips the sign of the input value --
makes a positive value negative and a negative value positive.
"""
@spec create_func_minus() :: :ok
def create_func_minus do
create_func =
Postgres.Utils.create_plpgsql_function(
function(:minus, Migration.repo()),
args: [input: :rational],
returns: :rational,
body: """
RETURN ((input).numerator * -1, (input).denominator)::rational;
"""
)
Migration.execute(create_func)
end
@doc section: :migrations_functions
@doc """
Creates `rational.abs(rat)` function that returns the absolute value of the rational
value.
"""
@spec create_func_abs() :: :ok
def create_func_abs do
create_func =
Postgres.Utils.create_plpgsql_function(
function(:abs, Migration.repo()),
args: [input: :rational],
returns: :rational,
body: """
RETURN (ABS((input).numerator), ABS((input).denominator))::rational;
"""
)
Migration.execute(create_func)
end
@doc section: :migrations_functions
@doc """
Creates `rational.round(rat)` function that returns the rational input, rounded to
the nearest :bigint
"""
@spec create_func_round() :: :ok
def create_func_round do
create_func =
Postgres.Utils.create_plpgsql_function(
function(:round, Migration.repo()),
args: [input: :rational],
declares: [result: :bigint],
returns: :bigint,
body: """
SELECT (
CASE
WHEN (input).numerator < 0 THEN
#{function(:round, Migration.repo())}(
#{function(:minus, Migration.repo())}(input)
) * -1
WHEN (((input).numerator % (input).denominator) * 2) < (input).denominator THEN
(input).numerator / (input).denominator
ELSE
((input).numerator / (input).denominator) + 1
END
) INTO result;
RETURN result;
"""
)
Migration.execute(create_func)
end
@doc section: :migrations_private_functions
@doc """
Creates a native CAST from `rational` to `double precision`.
"""
@spec create_func_cast_to_double_precison() :: :ok
def create_func_cast_to_double_precison do
create_func =
Postgres.Utils.create_plpgsql_function(
private_function(:cast_to_double, Migration.repo()),
args: [value: :rational],
returns: :"double precision",
body: """
RETURN CAST ((value).numerator AS double precision) / CAST ((value).denominator AS double precision);
"""
)
Migration.execute(create_func)
end
## ARITHMATIC BACKING FUNCS
@doc section: :migrations_private_functions
@doc """
Creates `rational_private.add(a, b)` backing function for the `+` operator
between two rationals.
"""
@spec create_func_add() :: :ok
def create_func_add do
create_func =
Postgres.Utils.create_plpgsql_function(
private_function(:add, Migration.repo()),
args: [a: :rational, b: :rational],
declares: [
numerator: {:bigint, "((a).numerator * (b).denominator) + ((b).numerator * (a).denominator)"},
denominator: {:bigint, "(a).denominator * (b).denominator"},
result: {:rational, "#{private_function(:simplify, Migration.repo())}((numerator, denominator))"}
],
returns: :rational,
body: """
RETURN result;
"""
)
Migration.execute(create_func)
end
@doc section: :migrations_private_functions
@doc """
Creates Creates `rational_private.sub(a, b)` backing function for the `-` operator
between two rationals.
"""
@spec create_func_sub() :: :ok
def create_func_sub do
create_func =
Postgres.Utils.create_plpgsql_function(
private_function(:sub, Migration.repo()),
args: [a: :rational, b: :rational],
declares: [
b_numerator: {:bigint, "(b).numerator * -1"},
b_negated: {:rational, "(b_numerator, (b).denominator)"},
result: {:rational, "#{private_function(:add, Migration.repo())}(a, b_negated)"}
],
returns: :rational,
body: """
RETURN result;
"""
)
Migration.execute(create_func)
end
@doc section: :migrations_private_functions
@doc """
Creates Creates `rational_private.mult(a, b)` backing function for the `*` operator
between two rationals.
"""
@spec create_func_mult() :: :ok
def create_func_mult do
create_func =
Postgres.Utils.create_plpgsql_function(
private_function(:mult, Migration.repo()),
args: [a: :rational, b: :rational],
declares: [
numerator: {:bigint, "(a).numerator * (b).numerator"},
denominator: {:bigint, "(a).denominator * (b).denominator"},
result: {:rational, "#{private_function(:simplify, Migration.repo())}((numerator, denominator))"}
],
returns: :rational,
body: """
RETURN result;
"""
)
Migration.execute(create_func)
end
@doc section: :migrations_private_functions
@doc """
Creates Creates `rational_private.div(a, b)` backing function for the `/` operator
between two rationals.
"""
@spec create_func_div() :: :ok
def create_func_div do
create_func =
Postgres.Utils.create_plpgsql_function(
private_function(:div, Migration.repo()),
args: [a: :rational, b: :rational],
declares: [
numerator: {:bigint, "(a).numerator * (b).denominator"},
denominator: {:bigint, "(a).denominator * (b).numerator"},
result: {:rational, "#{private_function(:simplify, Migration.repo())}((numerator, denominator))"}
],
returns: :rational,
body: """
RETURN result;
"""
)
Migration.execute(create_func)
end
@doc section: :migrations_private_functions
@doc """
Creates Creates `rational_private.modulo(a, b)` backing function for the `%` operator
between two rationals.
"""
@spec create_func_modulo() :: :ok
def create_func_modulo do
create_func =
Postgres.Utils.create_plpgsql_function(
private_function(:modulo, Migration.repo()),
args: [dividend: :rational, divisor: :rational],
declares: [
numerator:
{:bigint,
"""
((dividend).numerator * (divisor).denominator)
% ((divisor).numerator * (dividend).denominator)
"""},
denominator: {:bigint, "(dividend).denominator * (divisor).denominator"}
],
returns: :rational,
body: """
RETURN #{private_function(:simplify, Migration.repo())}((numerator, denominator));
"""
)
Migration.execute(create_func)
end
## COMPARISON BACKING FUNCS
@doc section: :migrations_private_functions
@doc """
Creates Creates `rational_private.cmp(a, b)` that returns:
- `1` if a > b
- `0` if a == b
- `-1` if a < b
Used to back equality operators.
"""
@spec create_func_cmp() :: :ok
def create_func_cmp do
create_func =
Postgres.Utils.create_plpgsql_function(
private_function(:cmp, Migration.repo()),
args: [a: :rational, b: :rational],
declares: [
a_cmp: {:bigint, "((a).numerator * (b).denominator)"},
b_cmp: {:bigint, "((b).numerator * (a).denominator)"},
result: :integer
],
returns: :integer,
body: """
SELECT (
CASE
WHEN a_cmp > b_cmp THEN 1
WHEN a_cmp < b_cmp THEN -1
ELSE 0
END
) INTO result;
RETURN result;
"""
)
Migration.execute(create_func)
end
@doc section: :migrations_private_functions
@doc """
Creates Creates `rational_private.eq(a, b)` that backs the `=` operator.
"""
@spec create_func_eq() :: :ok
def create_func_eq do
create_func =
Postgres.Utils.create_plpgsql_function(
private_function(:eq, Migration.repo()),
args: [a: :rational, b: :rational],
returns: :boolean,
body: """
RETURN #{private_function(:cmp, Migration.repo())}(a, b) = 0;
"""
)
Migration.execute(create_func)
end
@doc section: :migrations_private_functions
@doc """
Creates Creates `rational_private.eq(a, b)` that backs the `=` operator.
"""
@spec create_func_neq() :: :ok
def create_func_neq do
create_func =
Postgres.Utils.create_plpgsql_function(
private_function(:neq, Migration.repo()),
args: [a: :rational, b: :rational],
returns: :boolean,
body: """
RETURN #{private_function(:cmp, Migration.repo())}(a, b) != 0;
"""
)
Migration.execute(create_func)
end
@doc section: :migrations_private_functions
@doc """
Creates Creates `rational_private.eq(a, b)` that backs the `=` operator.
"""
@spec create_func_lt() :: :ok
def create_func_lt do
create_func =
Postgres.Utils.create_plpgsql_function(
private_function(:lt, Migration.repo()),
args: [a: :rational, b: :rational],
returns: :boolean,
body: """
RETURN #{private_function(:cmp, Migration.repo())}(a, b) = -1;
"""
)
Migration.execute(create_func)
end
@doc section: :migrations_private_functions
@doc """
Creates Creates `rational_private.eq(a, b)` that backs the `=` operator.
"""
@spec create_func_lte() :: :ok
def create_func_lte do
create_func =
Postgres.Utils.create_plpgsql_function(
private_function(:lte, Migration.repo()),
args: [a: :rational, b: :rational],
declares: [
cmp: {:integer, "#{private_function(:cmp, Migration.repo())}(a, b)"},
cmp_array: :"integer[]"
],
returns: :boolean,
body: """
cmp_array = ARRAY_APPEND(cmp_array, cmp);
RETURN cmp_array <@ '{-1, 0}';
"""
)
Migration.execute(create_func)
end
@doc section: :migrations_private_functions
@doc """
Creates Creates `rational_private.eq(a, b)` that backs the `=` operator.
"""
@spec create_func_gt() :: :ok
def create_func_gt do
create_func =
Postgres.Utils.create_plpgsql_function(
private_function(:gt, Migration.repo()),
args: [a: :rational, b: :rational],
returns: :boolean,
body: """
RETURN #{private_function(:cmp, Migration.repo())}(a, b) = 1;
"""
)
Migration.execute(create_func)
end
@doc section: :migrations_private_functions
@doc """
Creates Creates `rational_private.eq(a, b)` that backs the `=` operator.
"""
@spec create_func_gte() :: :ok
def create_func_gte do
create_func =
Postgres.Utils.create_plpgsql_function(
private_function(:gte, Migration.repo()),
args: [a: :rational, b: :rational],
declares: [
cmp: {:integer, "#{private_function(:cmp, Migration.repo())}(a, b)"},
cmp_array: :"integer[]"
],
returns: :boolean,
body: """
cmp_array = ARRAY_APPEND(cmp_array, cmp);
RETURN cmp_array <@ '{1, 0}';
"""
)
Migration.execute(create_func)
end
## ARITHMATIC OPS
@doc section: :migrations_operators
@doc """
Creates a custom :rational, :rational `+` operator.
"""
@spec create_op_add() :: :ok
def create_op_add do
create_op =
Postgres.Utils.create_operator(
:+,
:rational,
:rational,
private_function(:add, Migration.repo()),
commutator: :+
)
Migration.execute(create_op)
end
@doc section: :migrations_operators
@doc """
Creates a custom :rational, :rational `-` operator.
"""
@spec create_op_sub() :: :ok
def create_op_sub do
create_op =
Postgres.Utils.create_operator(
:-,
:rational,
:rational,
private_function(:sub, Migration.repo())
)
Migration.execute(create_op)
end
@doc section: :migrations_operators
@doc """
Creates a custom :rational, :rational `*` operator.
"""
@spec create_op_mult() :: :ok
def create_op_mult do
create_op =
Postgres.Utils.create_operator(
:*,
:rational,
:rational,
private_function(:mult, Migration.repo()),
commutator: :*
)
Migration.execute(create_op)
end
@doc section: :migrations_operators
@doc """
Creates a custom :rational, :rational `/` operator.
"""
@spec create_op_div() :: :ok
def create_op_div do
create_op =
Postgres.Utils.create_operator(
:/,
:rational,
:rational,
private_function(:div, Migration.repo())
)
Migration.execute(create_op)
end
@doc section: :migrations_operators
@doc """
Creates a custom :rational, :rational `%` operator.
"""
@spec create_op_modulo() :: :ok
def create_op_modulo do
create_op =
Postgres.Utils.create_operator(
:%,
:rational,
:rational,
private_function(:modulo, Migration.repo())
)
Migration.execute(create_op)
end
## COMPARISON OPS
@doc section: :migrations_operators
@doc """
Creates a custom :rational, :rational `=` operator.
"""
@spec create_op_eq() :: :ok
def create_op_eq do
create_op =
Postgres.Utils.create_operator(
:=,
:rational,
:rational,
private_function(:eq, Migration.repo()),
commutator: :=,
negator: :<>
)
Migration.execute(create_op)
end
@doc section: :migrations_operators
@doc """
Creates a custom :rational, :rational `<>` operator.
"""
@spec create_op_neq() :: :ok
def create_op_neq do
create_op =
Postgres.Utils.create_operator(
:<>,
:rational,
:rational,
private_function(:neq, Migration.repo()),
commutator: :<>,
negator: :=
)
Migration.execute(create_op)
end
@doc section: :migrations_operators
@doc """
Creates a custom :rational, :rational `!=` operator.
"""
@spec create_op_neq2() :: :ok
def create_op_neq2 do
create_op =
Postgres.Utils.create_operator(
:!=,
:rational,
:rational,
private_function(:neq, Migration.repo()),
commutator: :!=,
negator: :=
)
Migration.execute(create_op)
end
@doc section: :migrations_operators
@doc """
Creates a custom :rational, :rational `<` operator.
"""
@spec create_op_lt() :: :ok
def create_op_lt do
create_op =
Postgres.Utils.create_operator(
:<,
:rational,
:rational,
private_function(:lt, Migration.repo()),
commutator: :>,
negator: :>=
)
Migration.execute(create_op)
end
@doc section: :migrations_operators
@doc """
Creates a custom :rational, :rational `<` operator.
"""
@spec create_op_lte() :: :ok
def create_op_lte do
create_op =
Postgres.Utils.create_operator(
:<=,
:rational,
:rational,
private_function(:lte, Migration.repo()),
commutator: :>=,
negator: :>
)
Migration.execute(create_op)
end
@doc section: :migrations_operators
@doc """
Creates a custom :rational, :rational `<` operator.
"""
@spec create_op_gt() :: :ok
def create_op_gt do
create_op =
Postgres.Utils.create_operator(
:>,
:rational,
:rational,
private_function(:gt, Migration.repo()),
commutator: :<,
negator: :<=
)
Migration.execute(create_op)
end
@doc section: :migrations_operators
@doc """
Creates a custom :rational, :rational `<` operator.
"""
@spec create_op_gte() :: :ok
def create_op_gte do
create_op =
Postgres.Utils.create_operator(
:>=,
:rational,
:rational,
private_function(:gte, Migration.repo()),
commutator: :<=,
negator: :<
)
Migration.execute(create_op)
end
## OPERATOR CLASSES
@doc section: :migrations_operator_classes
@doc """
Creates a B-tree operator class to support indexing on comparison operations.
"""
@spec create_op_class_btree() :: :ok
def create_op_class_btree do
create_class =
Postgres.Utils.create_operator_class(
:rational_ops_btree,
:rational,
:btree,
[
<: 1,
<=: 2,
=: 3,
>=: 4,
>: 5
],
[
{private_function(:cmp, Migration.repo()), 1}
]
)
Migration.execute(create_class)
end
## CASTS
@doc section: :migrations_casts
@doc """
Creates a native cast for:
```sql
rational AS double precision
```
"""
@spec create_cast_double_precision() :: :ok
def create_cast_double_precision do
create_cast =
Postgres.Utils.create_cast(
:rational,
:"double precision",
private_function(:cast_to_double, Migration.repo())
)
Migration.execute(create_cast)
end
@doc section: :migrations_constraints
@doc """
Creates basic constraints for a `PgRational` database field.
## Constraints created:
- `{field_name}_denominator_positive`: Checks that the denominator of the field is
positive.
## Examples
```elixir
create table("rationals", primary_key: false) do
add(:id, :uuid, primary_key: true, null: false)
add(:a, PgRational.type())
add(:b, PgRational.type())
end
PgRational.migration_add_field_constraints(:rationals, :a)
PgRational.migration_add_field_constraints(:rationals, :b)
```
"""
@spec create_field_constraints(atom(), atom()) :: :ok
def create_field_constraints(table, field_name) do
constraint =
Migration.constraint(
table,
"#{field_name}_denominator_positive",
check: """
(#{field_name}).denominator > 0
"""
)
%Constraint{} = Migration.create(constraint)
:ok
end
@doc """
Returns the config-qualified name of the function for this type.
"""
@spec function(atom(), Ecto.Repo.t()) :: String.t()
def function(name, repo) do
function_prefix = Postgres.Utils.type_function_prefix(repo, :pg_rational)
"#{function_prefix}#{name}"
end
# Returns the config-qualified name of the function for this type.
@doc false
@spec private_function(atom(), Ecto.Repo.t()) :: String.t()
def private_function(name, repo) do
function_prefix = Postgres.Utils.type_private_function_prefix(repo, :pg_rational)
"#{function_prefix}#{name}"
end
end
